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《梅花落》为汉横吹曲,是和《折杨柳》一起的笛曲代表,自魏晋南北朝以来历唐宋元明清数代一直流传不息。唐代时更是出现了“落梅、芳树,共体千篇”的盛况。其不仅以音乐形式流传,而且对文学也产生了很大影响。本文主要从音乐与文学角度来研究《梅花落》,共分四个板块。第一,曲名辨析。其中包括三部分,依次对“梅花落”四个别名的由来,以及其相互间的关系做一个初步探讨。第二,曲调来源。分为三个部分:第一部分探索《梅花落》曲调的来源;第二部分辨析《梅花落》的乐种;第三部分论述桓伊与《梅花落》的关系。第三,两汉魏晋南北朝隋唐两宋时期《梅花落》的乐、辞与歌,分为三个部分,是全文的核心。第四,金元明清时期《梅花落》曲、辞的流传,按时间顺序分为四个部分进行梳理。
“Plum Blossoms” is a cross-breeze song, which is the representative of the flute with the “folding willow”. Since the Dynasties of the Tang, Song, Yuan, Yuan Dynasties and Dynasties, the Dynasties and Tang Dynasties have not been known for ever since the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties. When the Tang Dynasty was even more “Limei, Fang tree, a thousand articles,” the grand occasion. It is not only circulated in the form of music, but also has a great impact on literature. This article mainly studies plum blossom from the perspective of music and literature, which is divided into four sections. First, the title analysis. Including three parts, in turn, “Plum blossom” four alias origin, as well as their mutual relations to do a preliminary discussion. Second, the source of tunes. It is divided into three parts: the first part explores the source of the plum blossom melody; the second part analyzes the plum blossom plum blossom; the third part discusses the relationship between Huan Yi and plum blossom. Third, the music, speech and song of the plum blossoms in the Han, Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties during the Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties are divided into three parts, which are the core of the full text. Fourthly, the spread of “Plum Blossoms” in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the resignations of Jin and Yuan Dynasties are divided into four parts in time sequence.