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目的了解深圳市公共场所水系统嗜肺军团菌污染情况。方法 2012年10月-2013年10月随机采集本市41家公共场所冷却水、冷凝水、淋浴水、自来水、泳池水共194份水样按照《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》附录B方法进行检测嗜肺军团菌及其菌型。结果嗜肺军团菌阳性率冷却水为46.2%(32/69)、自来水为42.3%(22/52)、淋浴水为34.6%(18/52),冷凝水、泳池水未检出嗜肺军团菌;嗜肺军团菌冷却水阳性率在酒店宾馆为54.2%(13/24)、商场为36%(9/25)、候诊室为62.5%(5/8)、地铁站为41.7%(5/12),场所间差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.611,P=0.455);分离出79株嗜肺军团菌菌型以Lp1型为主,占68.1%(47/79),Lp3型占24.1%(19/79)、其他菌型占16.5%(13/79)。结论本市公共场所空调冷却水、生活用水中自来水、淋浴水均存在嗜肺军团菌污染,应加强空调系统和生活用水的清洗消毒。
Objective To understand the contamination of Legionella pneumophila in the water system of public places in Shenzhen City. Methods From October 2012 to October 2013, a total of 194 water samples from 41 public places in the municipality were collected for cooling water, condensate water, shower water, tap water and swimming pool water. According to Appendix B of “Code of Hygienic Practice for Central Air Conditioning Ventilation System in Public Places” To detect Legionella pneumophila and its fungi. Results The positive rate of L. pneumophila cooling water was 46.2% (32/69), tap water was 42.3% (22/52), shower water was 34.6% (18/52), condensate water was not detected in the pool water. Legionella pneumophila cooling water positive rate of 54.2% (13/24) in the hotel, shopping malls 36% (9/25), waiting room was 62.5% (5/8), the subway station was 41.7% (5 / 12). There was no significant difference between sites (χ2 = 2.611, P = 0.455). Of the 79 strains of Legionella pneumophila isolated, Legionella pneumophila accounted for 68.1% (47/79), Lp3 accounted for 24.1 % (19/79), other bacteria accounted for 16.5% (13/79). Conclusion The city public places air-conditioning cooling water, domestic water tap water, shower water are Legionella pneumophila contamination, air-conditioning systems and domestic water should be strengthened cleaning and disinfection.