板式橡胶支座是中小跨径桥梁的主要支座型式,是连接桥梁上下部结构的重要构件,承担着将上部结构荷载传递给墩台,以及减震、隔振、使结构适应因荷载和温度所致变形的功能。然而,与上部结构和下部结构相比,其受关注的程度相对较低,相关研究也相对较少,这与支座在桥梁结构中所发挥的作用是不相称的。板式橡胶支座在日照、氧、臭氧等环境因素作用下会逐渐老化,由于设计不合理、施工不当、疏于养护等原因会产生开裂、压溃、偏压、脱空等病害,出于安全考虑,管养单位对轻微病害的板式橡胶支座给予更换,但仍有大量桥梁支座长期疏于检查养护。由于没有板式橡胶支座老化和病害程度的相关标准,判断支座是否失效、需要更换,使支座更换有一定盲目性。文章根据已有研究资料和工程实践,探讨了板式橡胶支座失效判别标准,提出了更换支座的原则。 Plate rubber bearing is the main bearing type of small and medium-span bridges. It is an important component connecting the upper and lower parts of the bridge. It undertakes to transmit the superstructure load to the piers, as well as shock absorption and vibration isolation so as to adapt the structure to the load and temperature Deformation caused by the function. However, compared with the superstructure and substructure, its attention is relatively low, and the related research is relatively small, which is not commensurate with the bearing’s role in the bridge structure. Under the action of sunshine, oxygen, ozone and other environmental factors, the rubber bearing plate will gradually age. Because of unreasonable design, improper construction, neglecting curing and other reasons, cracking, crushing, biasing and cavitation will occur. For safety reasons Consideration, custody units for minor diseases of the rubber plate to give replacement, but there are still a large number of bridge bearings in the neglect of long-term inspection and maintenance. Because there is no standard rubber plate aging and disease-related standards to determine whether the failure of the support, you need to replace, so that there is a certain blindness replacement. Based on the existing research data and engineering practice, this paper discusses the criterion of failure of rubber bearing plate and puts forward the principle of replacing bearing.