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目的：探讨在双相气道正压（ＢｉＰＡＰ）呼吸机通气下治疗吸入外源性一氧化氮（ＮＯ）并用环甲膜穿刺间断气管内液体注入抢救重症哮喘的治疗作用。方法：２２例患者随机分成２组，ＢｉＰＡＰ呼吸机治疗合并吸入外源性ＮＯ和环甲膜穿刺间断气管内液体注入为治疗组（１２例）；单用ＢｉＰＡＰ呼吸机治疗为对照组（１０例）。２组病例均大量快速输液纠正脱水和加用激素（地塞米松）治疗，并记录治疗后临床症状及体征改善所需时间和治疗前及治疗后１２小时血气变化。结果：治疗组与对照组比较，临床症状改善（开始安静，出汗减少，能平卧，呼吸变深变慢）所需时间明显缩短（Ｐ均＜０．０５）；体征改善（哮鸣音减少，哮鸣音消失，心率下降，心率平稳）所需时间明显缩短（Ｐ均＜０．０５）；治疗后１２小时动脉氧分压（ＰａＯ２）明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），动脉二氧化碳分压（ＰａＣＯ２）明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：重症哮喘患者吸入ＮＯ并用ＢｉＰＡＰ呼吸机和环甲膜穿刺间断气管内注入液体可以扩张支气管，稀释痰液，通畅呼吸道；此方法是抢救重症哮喘的一个有效方法。
Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of inhalation of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) in patients undergoing biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP) ventilation and intermittent intratracheal injections of cricothyroid membrane for the treatment of severe asthma. Methods: Twenty-two patients were randomly divided into two groups. BiPAP ventilator was used to treat the patients with exogenous nitric oxide (NO) and intermittent intratracheal intima puncture (12 cases). BiPAP ventilator alone was used as control group (10 cases ). Rapid infusion of both groups were rapid correction of dehydration and add hormones (dexamethasone) treatment, and record the clinical symptoms and signs of improvement after treatment time and before and 12 hours after treatment, blood gas changes. Results: Compared with the control group, the time required for clinical symptoms improvement (quiet start, decreased perspiration, supine, deep breathing becomes slower) was significantly shorter in the treatment group (all P <0.05) (P <0.05). The PaO2 was significantly increased at 12 hours after treatment (P <0.05), and the time required for arterial Carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) decreased significantly (P <0.05). Conclusion: In patients with severe asthma inhaling NO and intermittent intratracheal instillation of liquid with BiPAP ventilator and annular membrane puncture can expand the bronchial tube, dilute the sputum and clear the respiratory tract. This method is an effective method to rescue severe asthma.