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清朝在“中外无别”、“华夷一家”民族观指导下,继承与扬弃前代少数族群羁縻制度,实施流官监领下的土官有限自治。这对维护多族群国家的统一与缓和族群冲突起到了积极作用。然而,由于清朝在羁縻制度框架内大力推行少数族群分立与制衡政策,不仅阻碍了区域社会内族群认同的整合,还加剧了区域社会内部的紧张关系,为持续不断的族群内部冲突埋下了祸根。1875年沙沟总管的设置,既为观察清代少数族群治理的分立与制衡政策提供了一个动态的过程,也提供了一个便于观察的动态场景。
Under the guidance of the ethnic concept of “Chinese and Abroad” and “Hua Yiyi ”, the Qing dynasty inherited and renounced the system of pre-modern minorities and implemented the limited autonomy of native-government under the supervision of the supervisors. This has played a positive role in safeguarding the unity and easing of ethnic conflicts in multi-ethnic groups. However, since the Qing government vigorously promoted the policy of separation and balance of ethnic minorities within the framework of the bourgeois system, it not only hindered the integration of ethnic identity within the regional community, but also intensified the tension within the regional society and laid the foundation for the ongoing intra-ethnic conflicts . The establishment of the Shaogou Explorer in 1875 provided a dynamic process for observing the policy of separating and balancing the governance of ethnic minorities in the Qing Dynasty and provided a dynamic scenario for observation.