一、前言材料研究的三根支柱分别是合成、物性、分析诸领域。随着材料研究的重点从整块依次向薄膜、细线、微粒子转移，必将发生三个领域的交融。不能像过去的整块材料那样，分别进行材料的合成，物性和分析。例如，像薄膜那样，为在毫微米厚度范围控制组成和结构，需要在制造 I. Preface The three pillars of material research are synthesis, physical properties and analysis of various fields. With the focus of material research from the block to the film, thin lines, particles transfer, will occur in three areas of blending. Can not be the same as the last piece of material, respectively, the synthesis of materials, physical properties and analysis. For example, like a film, in order to control composition and structure in the nanometer thickness range, it is necessary to manufacture