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学生学到阿佛加德罗定律常遇到很大的困难。这些困难可能是由于教师没有用实验证明在相同条件下,同体积的气体含有同数的分子。证明阿佛加德罗定律可作下列演示实验。 (1)演示同体积气体,如氨和氯化氢的相互作用是最有说服力。 NH_3+HCl=NH_4Cl 如果使二个容积相等的容器分别盛了干燥的氨和氯化氢,把其中一个复在另一个容器的上面,在反应完了以后,既没有氨余下来,也没有氯化氢余下来。(用石蕊试剂来检验)。
Students often encounter great difficulties when they learn the principles of Avogadro. These difficulties may be due to the teacher did not experimentally prove that under the same conditions, the same volume of gas containing the same number of molecules. Proof of Avogadro’s law can be used for the following demonstration experiment. (1) Demonstration that the same volume of gas, such as ammonia and hydrogen chloride interaction is the most convincing. NH3 + HCl = NH4Cl If two containers of equal volume are each filled with dry ammonia and hydrogen chloride, one of them is placed on top of the other and after the reaction has ended no ammonia remains and no hydrogen chloride remains. (Litmus test).