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1 引言 发酵酒精中以甲醇、正丙醇、异丁醇为代表的杂醇含量是酒精质量的重要标志,为有效地去除这些杂质,以得到高纯食用酒精.本文应用目前国内开发和设计的较新颖的节能型酒精蒸馏流程——差压精馏流程,测定了减压汽液平衡数据,并进行了基础研究. 有关甲醇-乙醇-水、正丙醇-乙醇-水、异丁醇-乙醇-水的三元汽液平衡关系文献早有报道’‘’,他们测定了常压下有大量水时各醇类对乙醇的相对挥发度.本文结合实际生产情况,测定减压下低浓度甲醇、正丙醇、异丁醇和全浓度范围的乙醇-水的3组三元汽液平衡数据,经热力学关联和计算,以期获得Wilson、NRTL、UNIQUAC交互作用参数值.2 实验2.1 试剂 甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丁醇均为分析纯试剂,水为二次蒸馏水.2.2 实验装置’“ 采用改进的汽液双循环型Rose平衡釜及自制的二级真空稳压系统,其精度为0.skPa,测温用1/10分度的实验室H级标准水银温度计,并考虑了露点校正”‘.2·3 组成分析 用配有C-R3A色谱数据处理机的GC-gA岛津气相色谱仪分析汽、液相组成,色谱柱为装有天津试剂二厂生产的GDX-102担体的玻璃柱.分别以氢焰和热导为检测手段,用修正百分率法处理数据.3 数据处理和实验结果3.二 热力学一致性校验 为证实实验装置的可靠性,首先对常压下乙醇-水和53.32kPa
1 Introduction Fermentation alcohol, methanol, n-propanol, isobutanol, represented by alcohol content is an important symbol of the quality of alcohol, in order to effectively remove these impurities to get high-purity edible alcohol.In this paper, the current development and design A relatively novel and energy-saving alcohol distillation process - differential pressure distillation process, the vacuum vapor-liquid equilibrium data was measured, and the basic research was carried out.Methanol - ethanol - water, n - propanol - ethanol - water, isobutanol - Ethanol - water ternary vapor-liquid equilibrium relationship has long been reported in the literature ’,’ They measured the relative volatility of alcohol alcohols under a large amount of water at atmospheric pressure.In this paper, the actual production under low pressure Methanol, n-propanol, isobutanol and ethanol-water in the full range of concentrations of three groups of vapor-liquid equilibrium data, thermodynamic correlation and calculated in order to obtain Wilson, NRTL, UNIQUAC interaction parameter values.2 Experiment 2.1 Reagents methanol, Ethanol, n-propanol, isobutanol are analytical reagents, water is double distilled water.2.2 experimental device ’’ using an improved vapor-liquid two-cycle Rose balance kettle and homemade two vacuum regulator system, the accuracy of 0.skPa, measured The temperature was calibrated using a laboratory 1/10 scale H-grade mercury thermometer and a dew point correction was considered. "2.3 Component Analysis GC-gA Shimadzu Gas Chromatograph with C-R3A Chromatography Data Processor , The liquid phase was composed of glass column equipped with GDX-102 carrier produced by Tianjin Reagent Factory 2. The hydrogen flame and the thermal conductivity were taken as detection means to deal with the data by the modified percentage method.3 Data processing and experimental results3. Two thermodynamic consistency verification To confirm the reliability of the experimental device, first of all under normal pressure ethanol - water and 53.32kPa