慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的早期评价,应重点考虑可使心肺功能进一步恶化的诸因素,如气胸、肺栓塞、呼吸系感染、神经肌肉异常等.最近COPD 治疗大量依靠气溶胶型支气管扩张剂的局部吸入,如β肾上腺素药、抗胆碱药、皮质类固醇、茶碱,还有给氧等,能有效逆转COPD 的急剧恶化. Early assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should focus on factors that may further worsen cardiopulmonary function such as pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, respiratory infections, neuromuscular abnormalities, etc. Recently, COPD has relied heavily on aerosol bronchiectasis Local inhaled agents, such as beta-adrenergic drugs, anticholinergics, corticosteroids, theophylline, and oxygenation, can effectively reverse the dramatic deterioration of COPD.