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在1997年中国北京“全国考古新发现精品展”的展览大厅里.陈列着一件江西瑞昌博物馆所藏商代木辘轳。它不像一般金属器和陶瓷文物那样有极高的艺术价值而引人注目,但它是一件极为珍贵的反映中国传统工艺技术,反映中国古代机械发展史的不可多得的文物精品(图1)。本文试图从中国古代机械发展的角度,从中国古代对轮、轴的认识和使用的角度,探索商代木辘轳的制作、使用等技术问题,以此阐明这件珍贵文物的历史地位。
In 1997, Beijing, China “National Archaeological Exhibition of Newly Found Expositions” in the exhibition hall, displaying a collection of Jiangxi Ruichang Museum, the owner of the wooden reel. It is not as dramatic as the metal and ceramic artifacts have high artistic value and attract sb.’s attention, but it is an extremely valuable reflection of the traditional Chinese technology, reflecting the history of ancient Chinese machinery of rare rare cultural relics (Figure 1). This paper attempts to clarify the historical status of this precious relic from the perspective of ancient Chinese machinery development from the perspective of ancient Chinese understanding of the wheel and shaft and the use of such techniques as the production and use of the wooden reel.