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根据芳纶Ⅲ分子结构特点,利用傅-克烷基化反应在芳纶Ⅲ纤维表面苯环上接枝环氧氯丙烷及其副产物。分析对比了改性前后芳纶Ⅲ纤维表面基团和化学组成变化、单丝强度及其表面微观形貌变化、单丝拔出强度及其拔出界面变化、以及浸胶丝复丝强度及其拉伸断面变化。最终结果表明:处理前后的红外与XPS图谱显示环氧氯丙烷及其副产物成功接枝到纤维表面上,明显增大了芳纶Ⅲ纤维的表面活性;并且表面处理没有对纤维本体造成伤害;另外在40℃对芳纶Ⅲ丝束的最佳处理时间为1h,其单丝拔出强度提高了49.5%,复丝强度提高了约9.38%,有效改善了纤维与树脂基体的界面性能。
According to the molecular structure of aramid fiber, epichlorohydrin and its by - products were grafted on the benzene ring of Kevlar fiber by Fu - Ke alkylation reaction. The changes of surface groups and chemical composition of the surface of aramid fiber before and after modification were analyzed and compared. The changes of monofilament strength and surface micro-morphology, the pull-out strength of monofilament, the change of its pull-out interface, Tensile section changes. The results showed that the infrared and XPS spectra before and after treatment showed that the epichlorohydrin and its by-products were successfully grafted to the fiber surface, which obviously increased the surface activity of the aramid fiber. The surface treatment did not cause damage to the fiber body. In addition, the optimal treatment time for Kevlar Ⅲ tow at 40 ℃ is 1h, the pull-out strength of monofilament is increased by 49.5% and the strength of multifilament is increased by about 9.38%, which can effectively improve the interfacial properties between fiber and resin matrix.