论文部分内容阅读
终止子技术是美国ＤｅｌｔａａｎｄＰｉｎｅＬａｎｄ种子公司和美国农业部联合申请、经美国专利局１９９８年３月批准的一项专利。整个过程可叙述为遗传工程师在转基因作物中加入了由３个基因组成的终止子基因；得到的转基因作物的种子由种子公司加上一种诱导剂；经诱导剂的作用及终止子基因间的相互作用，在种子胚胎发育的后期产生一种毒素；这种毒素杀死了发育后期的胚胎；最后得到的是成熟但不育的种子。专利获得后，引起国际上巨大反响。国际农业研究磋商小组指出，终止子技术必须禁止，不然将给全球食品保障带来影响。原因是这项技术会使农民无法留种、对遗传多样性有负影响，由于农民不再育种影响到持续农业的发展，可能出现出售或交换不能发芽的种子以及通过花粉非故意的传播造成生物安全的风险。第三世界国家认为这项技术是“种子的灾难”、“农业上的中子弹”。虽然转基因作物产生不育种子可能在解决转基因逃逸带来的生态风险上有益处，但这个收获与终止子技术可能给全球食品保障带来危机相比，两者就不能等量齐观了。从另一角度看，这项技术可能又是遗传工程带来的另一种生物安全危机
Terminator technology is the United States DeltaandPineLand seed companies and the United States Department of Agriculture jointly applied by the United States Patent Office in March 1998 approved a patent. The whole process can be described as a genetic engineer in the genetically modified crops by adding a gene composed of three terminator genes; transgenic crops obtained by seed companies with an inducer; by inducer and terminator Interact to produce a toxin at the end of the embryo’s development; the toxin kills the late embryo; and the end is a mature but sterile seed. After obtaining the patent, it has aroused great international repercussions. The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research pointed out that terminator technologies must be banned or otherwise have an impact on global food security. The reason is that this technology will make it impossible for peasants to plant seeds and have a negative impact on genetic diversity. As peasants no longer breed and affect the development of sustainable agriculture, they may sell or exchange non-germinating seeds and cause organisms to be inadvertently propagated through pollen Safety risk. Third World countries consider this technology “seed disaster” and “agricultural neutron bomb.” Although the production of sterile seeds from GM crops may be beneficial in addressing the ecological risks associated with GM escape, this harvest can not be reconciled with terminator technologies that may pose a threat to global food security. From another perspective, this technology may be another bio-safety crisis brought about by genetic engineering