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本文通过对福斯特小说《霍华德庄园》文本和相关历史材料的细读,仔细梳理了该小说与维多利亚时期反映劳资矛盾的“英国问题小说”这一文学传统的继承和区别。《霍华德庄园》继承了“英国问题小说”所具有的强烈社会关怀,同时又引入了对国民性的讨论。联系福斯特在他本人其他作品中对意大利和东方的想象,本文认为福斯特对“国家”和国民性的分析是他为“英国问题”这一概念所引入的新的内涵。福斯特借德国思想家施莱格尔兄弟之名,塑造了具有理想主义情怀的施莱格尔姐妹,特别是姐姐玛格丽特这个人物,从而含蓄地指出,受经验主义和拜金主义影响的英国中产阶级需要放开心胸,借鉴德国思想中对至真至善理念的追求。从这一角度来看,福斯特拓宽了“英国问题小说”的外延。
This essay carefully examines the succession and difference between the novel and the literary tradition “British Problem Novel ” which reflects the contradiction between labor and management in Victorian novel through the reading of Foster novel Howard Manor and related historical materials. The Howard Manor inherits the strong social concern that the British Problem Novel has, and at the same time introduces a discussion of national character. In connection with Foster’s imagination of Italy and the East in his own other works, this article argues that Forster’s analysis of “country ” and national character is a new one he introduced for the concept of “British question ” Connotation. Foster, in the name of the German thinker, the Schlegel brothers, shaped the Schlegel’s sisters with idealistic sentiments, especially their sister Margaret, and implicitly pointed out that under the influence of empiricism and money worship The middle class in Britain needs to be open-minded and learn from the German ideas for the pursuit of the supreme truth. From this perspective, Foster broadens the extension of “British Problem Novel.”