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目的:探讨类风湿关节炎（RA）滑膜过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子（PGC）1β表达与病理滑膜炎的相关性及其临床意义。方法:横断面研究纳入2010年5月至2016年10月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院住院的确诊RA患者并收集临床资料，采用改良Sharp评分（mTSS）评估双手正位X线片关节破坏程度。膝关节滑膜活检获取滑膜组织并连续切片，苏木精伊红染色评估滑膜病理改变，免疫组化染色检测PGC-1β表达及炎症细胞和血管内皮细胞数量。相关及多重线性回归分析RA滑膜PGC-1β表达与病理滑膜炎、临床病情活动及影像学关节破坏程度的关系。结果:共纳入83例RA患者，男20例（24.1%），女63例（75.9%），年龄（54±14）岁。PGC-1β在RA滑膜衬里层及衬里下层多种细胞胞核中表达，滑膜PGC-1βn +细胞比例与病理滑膜炎评分及衬里下层CD3n +T细胞、CD20n +B细胞、CD38n +浆细胞、CD68n +巨噬细胞数量呈正相关（n r=0.333、0.259、0.320、0.342、0.309，均n P<0.05）。滑膜PGC-1β表达与红细胞沉降率、C反应蛋白及mTSS显著正相关（n r=0.219~0.301，均n P<0.05）。多重线性回归分析示滑膜PGC-1β表达与mTSS显著正相关（β=0.312n ，P=0.004）。n 结论:RA滑膜PGC-1β表达与滑膜局部及全身炎症水平、关节破坏程度呈正相关，提示可能参与RA滑膜炎症及关节破坏过程。“,”Objective:To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)1β in synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its association with histological synovitis.Methods:This cross-sectional study recruited RA patients at the Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital from May 2010 to October 2016. Clinical data were collected. Conventional radiographs of bilateral hands and wrists were performed and assessed according to Sharp/van der Heijde-modified Sharp score(mTSS). Synovial tissues from knee joints of all RA patients were obtained by biopsies, and then stained with HE and immunohistochemically for PGC-1β, CD3, CD20, CD38, CD68, CD15 and CD34 to evaluate synovitis, synovial PGC-1β expression and the densities of inflammatory cells and endothelial cells. The relationship between synovial PGC-1β expression and histological synovitis, disease activity and joint destruction in RA was analyzed by Spearman′s rank correlation and multivariate linear regression.Results:There were 83 RA patients recruited with 20 (24.1%) males and 63 (75.9%) females, aged (54±14) years. PGC-1β expressed in the nuclei of lining synoviocytes, sublining inflammatory cells and vascular endothelial cells of RA synovium. The percentage of synovial PGC-1βn +cells was positively correlated with histological synovitis score (n r=0.333) and the densities of sublining CD3n + T cells (n r=0.259), CD20n + B cells (n r=0.320), CD38n +plasma cells (n r=0.342) and CD68n + macrophages (n r=0.309)(all n P<0.05). It was also positively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein and total mTSS (n r=0.219-0.301, all n P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis further confirmed the positive correlation between the percentage of synovial PGC-1βn +cells and mTSS (n β=0.312, n P=0.004).n Conclusion:Synovial PGC-1β is positively associated with local and systemic inflammation as well as joint destruction, which implies that PGC-1β might involve in the pathogenesis of synovitis and joint destruction in RA.