很多铸造缺陷是由凝固时液体金属析出的气体或由于铸型、型芯或嵌入物析出的气体造成的。这些缺陷所在的部位,缺少金层,并经常使铸件报废。本文提出一个鉴别气孔和收缩缺陷的简单方法,详述了影响气孔和收缩缺陷的各种因素,并说明了为控制和消除这些缺陷需要采取的措施。在铸造车间采取任何有效措施之前,必须正确地鉴别缺陷。 Many casting defects are caused by gas precipitated by liquid metal during solidification or by gas evolution from molds, cores, or inserts. The area where these defects are located lacks gold and often discards castings. This article presents a simple way to identify stomatal and shrinkage defects, details the various factors that affect stomatal and shrinkage defects, and explains the steps you must take to control and eliminate them. Before any effective measures can be taken in the foundry, the defects must be correctly identified.