肝硬化失代偿并自发性腹膜炎(SBP)是由致病菌经肠道、血液或淋巴系统引起腹膜感染。本病是肝硬化晚期严重并发症和导致死亡的主要因素之一。由于早期临床表现不典型而易造成误诊失治。本院1988年～1993年共收治SBP 65例,就其治疗前后作一回顾性的分析,提出在临床诊治中应该注意的问题。 Cirrhosis decompensated and spontaneous peritonitis (SBP) is a peritoneal infection caused by pathogenic bacteria via the intestinal, blood, or lymphatic system. The disease is one of the major complications of late liver cirrhosis and death. Due to the early clinical manifestations of atypical and easily lead to misdiagnosis. The hospital from 1988 to 1993 were treated 65 cases of SBP, before and after treatment for a retrospective analysis, put forward in the clinical diagnosis and treatment should pay attention to the problem.