一、序言在冶金学与材料科学中,通过控制液态或固态金属的冷却速度来获得合适的显微结构及所要求的性能。在熔融金属或合金的传统凝固过程中,最高的冷却速度大约为10~2K/s 数量级,一般的冷却速度大约10~(-1)～10~2K/s。固态金属材料的淬火处理主要目的或者是为了保存仅在高温下稳定的结构相以便在随后的回火处理中获得沉淀硬化效应,或者是为了利用非 I. Preface In metallurgy and materials science, the proper microstructure and desired properties are obtained by controlling the cooling rate of liquid or solid metal. In the traditional solidification process of molten metal or alloy, the highest cooling rate is about 10 ~ 2K / s order of magnitude, the general cooling rate of about 10 ~ (-1) ~ 10 ~ 2K / s. The main purpose of the quenching treatment of solid metal materials is either to preserve the structural phase that is stable only at high temperatures in order to obtain a precipitation hardening effect in the subsequent tempering treatment or to use non-