失敏(desensitization,或作脱敏)是生物调节的普遍现象。在哺乳动物,粒细胞的趋化性、神经递质所致神经传递以及药物的效应等,均可因此而改变。从维持内环境稳定的角度来看,失敏具有适应作用的积极意义。但是,毋庸置疑,它也明显地限制了临床上对一些药物的使用,甚至构成了某些疾病发生和发展的因素。因此,受体失敏的机理已成为近年来受体研究领域中一个相当活跃的课题。 Desensitization (or desensitization) is a common phenomenon in biological regulation. In mammals, chemotaxis of granulocytes, neurotransmitter-induced neurotransmission, and drug effects can all be changed. From the perspective of maintaining the stability of the internal environment, desensitization has the positive effect of adaptation. However, it goes without saying that it also clearly limits the clinical use of certain drugs and even constitutes the occurrence and development of certain diseases. Therefore, the mechanism of receptor desensitization has become a very active subject in the field of receptor research in recent years.