五四时期的陈独秀被称为“思想界的明星”,①进化观对其早年思想的影响直到他成为一个具育初步共产主义思想的马克思主义者仍未完全消失,沙健孙教授甚至认为它同他后来所鼓吹的“二次革命论”的错误思想有着理论上的渊源。②本文拟对他的这一思想进行一些考察。一陈独秀的进化观,是在十分深刻的时代背景下形成,有着复杂的思想根 Chen Du-xiu in the May 4th Movement was called “the star of the world of thought.” ① The impact of evolutionary view on his early thought was not completely oblivious until he became a prime communist ideological education. Professor Sha Jiansun even considered it It is theoretically related to the erroneous thinking of the “second revolution theory” that he later advocated. ② This article intends to make some observations on his idea. The evolution view of Chen Duxiu was formed under the very profound background of the times and has a complicated thought root