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目的探讨儿童支气管哮喘的情绪障碍和自我意识特征,为防治患儿情绪障碍提供依据。方法通过对40例儿童哮喘和40例非儿童哮喘病例进行情绪障碍评定、人格特征评定、心境状态评定、自我意识评定,比较两组患儿的情绪状态、人格特征和自我意识。结果哮喘组的焦虑、抑郁、行为等情绪障碍得分均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);哮喘组的神经质、掩饰性得分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);哮喘组的抑郁-沮丧、愤怒-敌意、疲乏、迷惑-混乱等得分均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),而哮喘组的精力得分则明显低于对照组(P<0.01);哮喘组的行为、焦虑、合群、幸福与满足等得分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论哮喘儿童普遍存在心理行为问题,情绪障碍较为严重,负性情绪较为明显,同时自我意识降低,临床治疗时应引起高度重视,从而达到儿童哮喘控制和管理的目的。
Objective To explore the characteristics of mood disorders and self-awareness in children with bronchial asthma and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of emotional disorders in children. Methods Forty children with asthma and 40 cases of non-childhood asthma were assessed for mood disorders, personality traits, assessment of mood condition and assessment of self-awareness. The emotional status, personality traits and self-awareness were compared between the two groups. Results The score of anxiety, depression and behavior in the asthma group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.01). The levels of neuroticism and disguise in the asthma group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05) Depression, anger - hostility, fatigue, confusion - confusion and other scores were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.01), while asthma group scores were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.01); asthma group behavior, anxiety, Cohesion, happiness and satisfaction scores were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.01). Conclusions Children with asthma generally have psychological and behavioral problems. Emotional disorders are more serious. Negative emotions are more obvious. At the same time, their self-awareness is reduced. They should be given high priority in clinical treatment so as to achieve the goal of asthma control and management in children.