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千百万年来,自然界已经演化出无数的方式来确保其存在下去。相比之下,工业革命只是让我们有了几百年的时间借助技术来拼命赶超。虽然自从工业革命以来我们一直忙于破坏地球,但大自然在造出更强、更硬、用途更广的材料方面仍然胜过我们。以钢为例。据国际钢铁协会披露的数据,每生产1吨钢就会向大气排放1.8吨二氧化碳。2010年,钢铁行业排放的二氧化碳量占全球总量的6.7%。不过,我们有不起眼的蜘蛛,它吐出的丝——相比同等重量的钢——要更坚固。同时,马达加斯加的达尔文树皮蜘蛛所结的
For millions of years, nature has evolved innumerable ways to ensure its existence. In contrast, the Industrial Revolution just allowed us to spend hundreds of years trying to catch up with technology. Although we have been busy sabotaging the planet since the Industrial Revolution, nature still outdos us in making stronger, harder, more versatile materials. Take steel as an example. According to the data disclosed by the International Iron and Steel Institute, 1.8 tons of carbon dioxide are emitted into the atmosphere every ton of steel produced. In 2010, the steel industry emitted 6.7% of the global carbon dioxide emissions. However, we have the humble spider, which spit out silk - more solid than the same weight of steel. Meanwhile, Darwin bark spiders from Madagascar are caught