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根据使用价格支持、直接补贴等的不同比例,把美国农业补贴政策的演变过程分为价格支持为主导、直接补贴比例逐渐提高、以及依赖价格和收入双重保险等三个阶段。透过不同发展阶段,透析美国价格支持政策的演化路径:在形式上从典型价格保护向挂钩的直接补贴转移;在内容上从简单的“价格”支持到“稳定价格”和“保证收入”的间接功能性补贴转移。借鉴美国经验,着眼中国现实,以保供给、促增收、调结构为目标,提出完善推广目标价格制度,完善农业保险、信贷等金融体系,从价格支持的功能出发尽量使典型的价格支持向挂钩补贴转移。
According to different proportions of using price support and direct subsidy, the evolution of US agricultural subsidy policy is divided into three stages: price support, gradual increase of direct subsidy, and reliance on price and income double insurance. Through different stages of development, we can analyze the evolutionary path of the U.S. price supportive policy: formally shift from the typical price protection to the linked direct subsidies; in terms of content from simple “price” support to “stable price” and “ Indirectly functional subsidy transfer of ”guaranteed income". Draw lessons from the experience of the United States, focus on the reality of China, and aim at ensuring supply, boosting income and adjusting structure. It is proposed to improve the target price system, improve the financial system such as agricultural insurance and credit, and try to link the typical price support from the function of price support Subsidy transfer.