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目的:调查了解某远洋测量船官兵远航期间皮肤病患病情况。方法:选择某远洋测量船官兵285例,另选择陆上勤务保障人员312例。远航期间对所有入选的测量船官兵进行皮肤病检查、登记,详细记录皮肤病发病诱因、发病部位、持续时间、自觉症状、伴发症状,以及工作环境和个人卫生状况等,并与同期陆上勤务保障人员皮肤病就诊情况进行比较。结果:远洋测量船官兵285例中,罹患各种皮肤病252例,占88.4%,其中,真菌性皮肤病132例,占46.3%;心身性皮肤病72例,占25.3%;变态反应性皮肤病22例,占7.7%;皮肤附属器疾病18例,占6.3%;病毒性、细菌性皮肤病各3例,分别占1.0%。陆上勤务保障人员312例中,罹患各种皮肤病168例,占53.8%,其中,真菌性皮肤病42例,占13.5%;心身性皮肤病61例,占19.6%;变态反应性皮肤病29例,占9.3%;皮肤附属器疾病26例,占8.3%;病毒性皮肤病4例,占1.3%;细菌性皮肤病3例,占1.0%。远洋测量船官兵皮肤病总患病率和真菌性皮肤病患病率,均非常显著高于陆上勤务保障人员(P<0.01)。结论:远洋测量船官兵皮肤病患病率较高,且以真菌性皮肤病最为多见,应给予积极防治。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dermatological diseases during the voyage of an oceanographic surveyor and its officers and men. Methods: 285 ocean-going survey officers and soldiers were selected and 312 land service workers were selected. During the voyage of all selected survey officers and soldiers of the skin examination, registration, detailed records of the causes of skin disease, the incidence of parts, duration, symptoms, associated symptoms, as well as the working environment and personal hygiene, and with the same land Service support staff dermatology visits were compared. Results: There were 252 cases of all kinds of dermatosis in the oceanographic survey ship, accounting for 88.4%, of which 132 cases were fungal dermatosis (46.3%), 72 cases were psychosomatic dermatosis (25.3%), allergic skin 22 cases, accounting for 7.7%; skin appendage disease in 18 cases, accounting for 6.3%; viral, bacterial skin disease in 3 cases, accounting for 1.0%. Among the 312 land service workers, 168 were skin lesions, accounting for 53.8% of the total, including 42 fungal skin diseases (13.5%), psychosomatic skin diseases (61.6%), allergic dermatosis 29 cases, accounting for 9.3%; skin appendage disease in 26 cases, accounting for 8.3%; viral skin disease in 4 cases, accounting for 1.3%; bacterial skin disease in 3 cases, accounting for 1.0%. The prevalence of dermatological diseases and fungal dermatoses of officers and soldiers in offshore survey ships were significantly higher than those on land support workers (P <0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of skin diseases of officers and soldiers of ocean survey ships is high, and fungal dermatosis is the most common. Active prevention and treatment should be given.