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龙门山区小流域常由暴雨引发山洪泥石流等灾害,但由于数据的缺乏而无法明确其产流机制及发展过程。本文选取四川省龙溪河地区的山区小流域碱坪沟作为研究区域,利用基于物理概念的模型InHM对该流域的降雨产流过程进行分析。与实测流量数据的比较表明该模型在碱坪沟流域有较好的适用性。基于模拟结果分析了该流域土壤含水率以及地表/地下交换水量(入渗/出渗)在产流过程中的分布特征,结果表明:(1)土壤含水率以及地表/地下交换水量(入渗/出渗)在流域内不同位置分布不均匀;(2)在河道周边,Dunne产流机制占主要地位;(3)出渗常发生在河道周边;(4)流域内存在地下径流,且在总径流中占较大比例。该研究证实了InHM模型在西部山区小流域水文模拟中的适用性,也加深了对碱坪沟流域产流机制的了解,进而有助于明确该地区山洪泥石流灾害的产生机制。
Longmenshan small watershed often triggered flash floods, mudslides and other disasters, but due to the lack of data and can not be clear its production mechanism and development process. In this paper, we choose the Pinggou ditch as the study area in the mountainous area of Longxi River in Sichuan Province, and use the InHM model based on physical concept to analyze the rainfall runoff process in the basin. The comparison with measured data shows that this model has good applicability in the Yapinggou watershed. Based on the simulation results, the distribution characteristics of soil water content and surface / underground exchange water (infiltration / infiltration) in the basin were analyzed. The results show that: (1) the soil moisture content and the amount of surface / underground exchange water / Infiltration) are not uniformly distributed in different locations in the basin; (2) Dunne flow regime predominates around the channel; (3) infiltration occurs frequently around the channel; (4) The total runoff accounts for a large proportion. This study confirms the applicability of InHM model in hydrological modeling of small watersheds in western mountainous regions and deepens the understanding of the mechanism of outflow in the Yapinggou watershed so as to help clarify the mechanism of flash floods and debris flows in this area.