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带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疹病毒引起,以沿单侧周围神经分布的簇集性小水疱为特征。常伴有明显神经痛为主要症状的疾病。水痘—带状疱疹病毒在干燥的痂内很快失去活性。其病机是病毒经呼吸道黏膜进入血液形成病毒血症,发生水痘或成隐性感染,以后病毒潜伏于脊髓后根神经节或颅神经的感觉神经节内;当机体受到某种刺激导致机体抵抗力下降时,潜伏病毒被激活,沿感觉神经轴索下行,到达该神经所支配区域的皮肤内复制,产生水疱,同时受累神经发生炎症、坏死,产生神经痛。
Shingles are caused by the chickenpox-shingles virus and are characterized by clusters of small blisters distributed along the unilateral peripheral nerves. Often accompanied by obvious neuralgia as the main symptom of the disease. Chickenpox - The herpes zoster virus quickly inactivates the dry scab. The pathogenesis of the virus through the respiratory mucosa into the blood to form viremia, varicella or into a recessive infection, after the virus latent in the dorsal root ganglion or cranial nerve sensory ganglion; when the body is subject to some kind of stimulus leading to body resistance When the force drops, the latent virus is activated and descends along the sensory axons to reach the skin within the area dominated by the nerve, causing blisters. At the same time, the involved nerves are inflamed, necrotic, and have neuralgia.