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为了探索预测油菜菌核病发生情况的快速、简单、有效的方法;此研究采用检测被核盘菌子囊孢子感染的油菜花瓣数量来预测预报菌核病可能发生严重度程度,实验采用添加了两种不同pH指示剂的改良型Steadman’s培养基在室温下培养在油菜花期(3月下旬～4月中旬)每天采自2块试验田的新鲜花瓣,如果花瓣被病原菌子囊孢子感染,接种培养后培养基颜色发生改变,统计被感染的花瓣数;结果表明:除1天在一块田没有检测到被子囊孢子感染的花瓣外,油菜整个花期都有被感染的花瓣出现,但初花期被感染的花瓣较少,而盛花期和终花期被感染的花瓣较多,第一块田被感染的花瓣数在两种培养基上出现的百分率分别为32.0%和40.2%,第二块田分别为27.3%和35.7%。第一块田后期油菜菌核病的发病率和病指分别为2.7%和1.8,第二块田分别为1.5%和0.4。子囊孢子感染的花瓣数与后期油菜菌核病的发病率呈显著正相关(r=0.829,r0.05=0.811)。利用油菜花瓣实验可快速、简单、有效的预测后期油菜菌核病可能发生的情况,从而决定最适宜的防治时期。
In order to explore a rapid, simple and effective method for predicting the occurrence of sclerotinia in rapeseed, the detection of the number of rapeseed petals infected by asclepias was used to predict the possible severity of sclerotinia. The experiment was carried out by adding two Modified Steadman’s Medium with Different pH Indicators Cultured at Room Temperature Fresh petals collected daily from two experimental plots during the rapeseed flowering period (late March to mid-April), and if the petals were infected with pathogen ascospores, were inoculated with culture medium The results showed that except the petals infected by ascospores were not detected in one field in one day, the infected petals appeared throughout the flowering stage, but the petals at the first flowering stage were more infected While the number of petals infested at the full flowering stage and the final flowering stage were more. The percentage of petal number infected on the first field was 32.0% and 40.2% on the two mediums, and the second field was 27.3% and 35.7%. The first piece of late rape sclerotinia incidence and disease index were 2.7% and 1.8, the second field were 1.5% and 0.4. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of ascospore-infected petals and the incidence of sclerotinia (r = 0.829, r0.05 = 0.811). The rape petal experiment can quickly, simply and effectively predict the possible occurrence of sclerotinia sclerotinum late stage, and thus determine the most suitable control period.