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目的了解社区糖尿病患者糖尿病足防控知识状况及影响因素,为预防糖尿病并发症的发生提供依据。方法于2015年8-9月,采用整群抽样方法确定被调查社区,选取江苏省常熟市大义社区、藕渠社区、冶塘社区、城区和湖北省武汉市江岸区的百步亭社区、丹水池社区、劳动社区、金桥社区总共8个社区符合纳入标准的参加慢性病管理的糖尿病患者作为调查对象,共调查2 512人。对调查对象进行问卷调查,调查内容包括一般资料、生活方式、糖尿病及其他慢性病史、糖尿病足防控知识。采用SAS 9.2统计软件对数据进行秩和检验,用多元线性回归进行知识影响因素的分析。结果糖尿病患者对可能会合并糖尿病足、糖尿病足可能导致截肢的知晓率分别为45.58%和53.50%,对周围神经病变和周围血管病变会导致糖尿病足病的知晓率仅为29.38%和29.42%。文化程度高、家庭人均月收入高、糖尿病病程长、诊断机构级别高、有糖尿病家族史、胰岛素注射控制血糖、运动控制血糖、有糖尿病视网膜病变史、无高血压史、有心脏病史的糖尿病人群糖尿病足防治知识得分更高。多元线性回归分析结果显示,对知识得分影响最大的是文化程度,影响最小的是胰岛素注射。结论调查对象糖尿病足知识掌握情况较差,应重点对年龄大、文化程度低、有高血压史的患者进行针对性的健康教育。
Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of prevention and control of diabetic foot in community diabetic patients and provide basis for preventing the occurrence of diabetic complications. Methods From August to September in 2015, cluster sampling was used to identify the communities surveyed. The community of Taiyi, Ouqu community, Yatang community, urban district of Changshu City, Jiangsu Province and Baibuting community in Jiangan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province were selected. A total of 2 512 people were surveyed in a pool of community, labor community and a total of 8 communities in Jinqiao community who met the criteria for inclusion in the management of chronic diseases. The survey conducted a questionnaire survey, including general information, lifestyle, diabetes and other chronic diseases, diabetes prevention and control knowledge. Using SAS 9.2 statistical software to rank and test the data, using multivariate linear regression analysis of knowledge influencing factors. Results The awareness rate of diabetic patients with possible diabetic foot and diabetic foot may lead to amputation were 45.58% and 53.50% respectively. The awareness rate of peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease with diabetic foot disease was only 29.38% and 29.42%. High education level, high per capita monthly household income, long duration of diabetes, high level of diagnostic institutions, family history of diabetes, blood glucose control with insulin injection, exercise control blood sugar, history of diabetic retinopathy, history of hypertension, history of heart disease Diabetic foot prevention score higher knowledge. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the greatest impact on knowledge scores is the degree of education, the least affected is insulin injections. Conclusion The knowledge of diabetic foot is poorly grasped, and the health education should be focused on the patients with older age, lower education level and history of hypertension.