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目的：探讨瑞芬太尼后处理对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤的作用。方法选取36只雄性日本大耳白兔随机分为3组，每组12只，分别为假手术对照组（S组）、缺血/再灌注损伤组（C组）、瑞芬太尼后处理组（R组）。再灌注24 h后处死动物，取L3～5组织标本，原位细胞凋亡法测定细胞凋亡的情况，电镜下观察病理学结果，羟胺法测定脊髓组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量，硫代巴比妥酸法测定丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果缺血再灌注后24 h，与S组比较，C组凋亡细胞明显增多（P＜0.05），脊髓组织病理学损伤程度明显加重，脊髓MDA含量明显增加，SOD含量明显降低（P＜0.05）；与C组比较，R组脊髓组织病理学损伤程度明显减轻，凋亡细胞明显减少（P＜0.05），脊髓MDA含量明显降低，SOD含量明显增加（P＜0.05）。结论瑞芬太尼能减轻兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤，抑制神经细胞凋亡坏死，具有脊髓保护作用。“,”Objective To study the neuroprotective effect on the ischemic postconditioning methods with remifentanil. Methods Thirty-six Japanese white rabbits weighing between 2.0~2.5 kg were divided into 3 groups. Twelve rabbits were assigned randomly to each group:the same surgical procedure without aortic occlu-sion (group S), the control group (group C), the remifentanil postconditioning group (group R). The rabbits were sacriifced 24 hours after reperfusion for histologic study, the nerve cells were examined with transmission electron microscope, and the apoptotic cells were marked by TUNEL staining. Measurements of MDA and SOD levels were performed. Results Compared with group S, the number of apoptotic cell were signiifcantly increased in group C, the SOD level in the lumbar spinal cord was signiifcantly lower, while the MDA level was signiifcantly increased (P<0.05);Compared with the group C, the number of apoptotic neurons in Group R were remarkably attenuated, the SOD level was signiifcantly increased, while the MDA level was signiifcantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Remifentanil postconditioning method decreases neuronal apoptosis induced by I/R, which exerts comparable neuroprotective effects on the spinal cord.