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为探究在中耕培土期追施富钾土壤调理剂对烤烟生产的影响,利用矿物钾肥(水热法)、木本泥炭基腐植酸钾、矿物钾肥(煅烧法)部分替代追肥中的KNO_3或K_2SO_4,研究其对烤烟根区土壤pH、钾含量及烤烟不定根生物量和烟叶品质的影响。结果表明,在中耕培土期追施富钾土壤调理剂能显著提高采烤结束时烟株根区土壤pH,促进烟株不定根发育及地上部分生物量的增加,效果为矿物钾肥(水热法)>木本泥炭基腐植酸钾>矿物钾肥(煅烧法)。追施矿物钾肥(水热法)及木本泥炭基腐植酸钾能显著提高耕层土壤速效钾(0~15 cm土层)、缓效钾(15~30 cm土层)及中下部烟叶中的钾含量,其0~15 cm土层速效钾含量分别高于对照13.55%、12.10%,15~30 cm土层缓效钾含量分别高于对照19.73%、18.90%,中下部烟叶钾含量分别高于对照21.58%、15.68%。追施矿物钾肥(水热法),中、下部烟叶烟碱含量较对照分别降低21.47%、17.02%。在酸化植烟土壤上,中耕培土期间追施矿物钾肥(水热法)及木本泥炭基腐植酸钾后能改善土壤供钾能力,改良土壤酸化,提高烤烟不定根生物量及烟叶品质。
In order to explore the effect of topdressing potassium-rich soil conditioner on the production of flue-cured tobacco during cultivating soil-cultivating period, the mineral potassium (hydrothermal method), woody peat humic potassium and mineral potassium fertilizer (calcination method) were partially used to replace KNO3 or K2SO4 To study the effect of pH, potassium content on flue-cured tobacco roots and adventitious root biomass and leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that applying potassium-rich soil conditioner during cultivation stage could significantly increase soil pH and promote adventitious root development and shoot biomass increase at the end of harvesting. The effect was mineral potassium fertilizer (hydrothermal method) > Woody peat humic acid potassium> Mineral potassium fertilizer (Calcination method). Topdressing mineral potash fertilizer (hydrothermal method) and woody peat humic acid potassium fertilizer can significantly increase soil available potassium (0-15 cm soil layer), slow-acting potassium (15-30 cm soil layer) and middle and lower tobacco leaves , The available potassium content in 0 ~ 15 cm soil layer was 13.55% higher than that in CK, and the slow potassium contents in 12.10% and 15 ~ 30 cm soil layer were 19.73% and 18.90% 21.58% higher than the control, 15.68%. Topdressing mineral potassium fertilizer (hydrothermal method), nicotine content in middle and lower tobacco leaves decreased by 21.47% and 17.02% respectively compared with the control. In acidified tobacco planting soil, topdressing mineral potassium fertilizer (hydrothermal method) and peat-based humic potassium could improve soil potassium supply, improve soil acidification, and improve adventitious root biomass and leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco during cultivation.