从16世纪后期开始,沙皇俄国的势力越过乌拉尔山,开始了对西伯利亚和远东的殖民过程。从17世纪中叶开始,沙皇俄国和大清帝国在远东地区多次发生外交和军事上的冲突。1685年,中国军队攻占了阿穆尔河上的阿尔巴金要塞,要塞中的45名俘虏投降清军,后其中部分人被押解到北京。就这样,在中国的首都第一次出现了定居的俄罗斯人。 From the late 16th century, the forces of the Tsarist Russia crossed the Ural Mountains and began the colonization process of Siberia and the Far East. Since the middle of the 17th century, the Tsarist Russia and the Qing Empire have repeatedly encountered diplomatic and military conflicts in the Far East. In 1685, the Chinese army captured the Albajin fortress on the Amur River. Forty-five prisoners in the fortress surrendered to the Qing Army. Afterwards, some of them were escorted to Beijing. In this way, the first settled Russians appeared in the capital of China.