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目的研究某市不同自来水厂出厂水中有机物的遗传毒性作用,探讨水源、消毒剂种类、有无预加氯和活性炭二次过滤对出厂水有机物遗传毒性的影响。方法于2008年5—6月,采集某市6家不同水源、不同水处理工艺的自来水厂(A、B、C、D、E、F)出厂水水样。通过鼠伤寒沙门菌致突变(Ames)试验(设0、0.25、0.50、1.00L/皿4个浓度)检测水样中有机物的致突变性,采用比活性的参数方法比较不同来源水样的致突变性强弱。结果6个自来水厂出厂水中有机物的Ames试验结果均为阳性。各自来水厂出厂水中有机物的致突变比活性比较结果如下,TA98(-S9):E>D>C>A>F>B;TA98(+S9):E>C>F>D(A、B为阴性);TA100(-S9):E>F>C>A(D、B为阴性);TA100(+S9):仅E为阳性。结论某市自来水厂出厂水中的有机物具有明显的致突变作用,且以移码突变为主;使用江河水、取消预加氯消毒、以二氧化氯消毒剂取代液氯消毒剂以及使用活性炭二次过滤技术可减少致突变有机物的生成。
Objective To study the genotoxicity of organic compounds in factory water of different waterworks in a city and to investigate the effects of water sources, disinfectants, pre-chlorination and activated carbon secondary filtration on the genotoxicity of produced water organic compounds. Methods From May to June, 2008, six water samples of tap water plants (A, B, C, D, E, F) with different water sources and different water treatment processes in a city were collected. Mutagenicity of Salmonella typhimurium (Ames) test (set 0,0.25,0.50,1.00 L / dish of four concentrations) for detection of organism mutagenicity in water samples, the use of specific activity parameters of different sources of water samples to compare Mutant strength. Results The Ames test results of all the water samples from the factory waterworks were positive. TA98 (+ S9): E> C> F> D (A, B) The results of mutagenicity specific activity of organic matter in the water of factory to each factory are as follows: TA98 (-S9): E> D> C> A> Negative); TA100 (-S9): E> F> C> A (D, B negative); TA100 (+ S9): only E is positive. Conclusion The organic matter in the factory water of a municipal waterworks has significant mutagenicity and is dominated by the frameshift mutation. With the use of river water, the pre-chlorination disinfection is canceled, the chlorine chlorine disinfectant is used instead of the liquid chlorine disinfectant and the activated carbon is used twice Filtration technology can reduce the generation of mutagenic organisms.