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[目的]识别某不锈钢炼钢连铸项目的粉尘危害,分析其危害程度并寻找关键控制措施。[方法]选取华南地区某不锈钢企业的炼钢连铸车间,经定点采样和个体采样后依据《工作场所空气中粉尘测定》(GBZ/T 192—2007)检测空气中粉尘浓度,同时采集呼吸带高度的降尘测定游离二氧化硅(SiO2)含量。[结果]在联合车间内炼钢炉及连铸机布置在中部,耐火材料拆砌炉区布置在车间东西两侧。该工作场所中产生粉尘的环节较多,现场粉尘中游离SiO2含量由车间两侧向车间中部逐渐降低,其中耐火材料拆砌炉区和相邻区域的游离SiO2含量达14.3%~60.4%,属于矽尘。现场粉尘浓度亦由车间两侧向车间中部逐渐降低。个体检测粉尘浓度范围为1.7~25.8mg/m(3TWA,总尘),定点检测短时间浓度范围为2.47~72.7mg/m(3总尘),超标率为57.1%。[结论]手工拆砌炉区与卧式拆炉烘烤区的耐火材料破碎、切割过程中产生的粉尘能够明显影响车间内其他区域,有效控制拆砌炉过程中的粉尘是改善车间职业卫生状况的关键。
[Objective] To identify the dust hazards of a stainless steel continuous casting project, analyze the harm degree and find out the key control measures. [Method] The steel-making continuous casting workshop of a stainless steel enterprise in South China was selected to detect the dust concentration in the air according to “Determination of Dust in Air in Workplace” (GBZ / T 192-2007) after fixed-point sampling and individual sampling, High dust fall determination of free silica (SiO2) content. [Result] The steel-making furnace and continuous caster were arranged in the middle in the joint workshop, and the refractory demolition furnace area was arranged on the east and west sides of the workshop. There was more dust in the workplace, and the content of free SiO2 in the dust on the site gradually decreased from the two sides of the workshop to the middle of the workshop. The free SiO2 content in refractory demolition furnace area and adjacent area reached 14.3% -60.4% Silica dust. The dust concentration on site also gradually decreased from the two sides of the workshop to the middle of the workshop. The range of individual test dust concentration was 1.7-25.8mg / m (3TWA, total dust). The short-time concentration range of spot test was 2.47-72.7mg / m (3 total dusts) and the over standard rate was 57.1%. [Conclusion] The refractories in the manual demolished stove area and the horizontal demolition baking area were broken, and the dust generated in the cutting process could obviously affect other areas in the workshop. The effective control of dust during the demolition process was to improve the occupational health status of the workshop key.