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随着现代物流业的发展,企业将一些业务如运输等外包已经成为参与当今市场竞争的一种手段和趋势,因此考虑包含第三方物流服务提供商(3PL)的供应链更具有现实和理论意义。但是现有文献很少考虑3PL对包含时间因素的变质品供应链模型的影响。基于此,本文建立了一个包含3PL的时变需求变质品三级供应链模型,并运用动态博弈理论求解了该模型的分散式下的均衡解。研究表明与制造商单独承担运输费用相比,由3PL承担运输费用使得产品的订货周期缩短,订货量减少。通过对比分散式决策和集中式决策下的最优解,研究发现考虑系统总体利润情况下,集中式决策的方式不能使该供应链达到协调。最后给出算例验证结论的正确性。
With the development of modern logistics industry, the outsourcing of some businesses, such as transportation, has become a means and trend of participation in today’s market competition. Therefore, considering the supply chain including 3PL is more realistic and theoretical . However, the existing literature seldom considers the impact of 3PL on the model of the deteriorated product supply chain that includes the time factor. Based on this, a three-level supply chain model of time-varying demand degeneration goods containing 3PL is established in this paper, and the equilibrium game under decentralized model of the model is solved by dynamic game theory. Research shows that, compared with the cost borne solely by the manufacturer for transportation, transportation costs borne by the 3PL have resulted in shorter lead times and fewer orders. By comparing the optimal solutions under decentralized and decentralized decision-making, we find that centralized decision-making can not reconcile the supply chain under the condition of overall system profit. Finally, the correctness of the example verification is given.