包世臣是清代嘉、道、咸年间著名的经世学者，曾长期致长于南河河工的研究和实践，对当时河工领域的黑暗、腐败提出尖锐批判，于治河方策亦有系统、深入、独到的见解，尤其是在工程技术管理的讲求规范、注重水学、运用数学语言、讲求劳动效率等方面，已具有可贵的近代意识和进步意义 Bao Shi-chen, a well-known scholar in economics during the Jia, Daoguang and Xian periods in the Qing dynasty, had long been a researcher and practitioner in Nanhe river industry. He sharply criticized the darkness and corruption in the field of river work at the time, , Unique insights, especially in engineering and technology management emphasis on norms, pay attention to water science, the use of mathematical language, emphasis on labor efficiency, has a valuable modern awareness and progressive significance