朱熹对鬼神的论述,不仅仅着眼于阴阳二气的角度,而且还着眼于祭祀活动和礼仪实践的角度,并且在他看来,后者更为重要和根本。朱熹在“以气论鬼神”和“以祭祀论鬼神”中认为,祭祀活动中的诚敬之心是证实鬼神为实有的关键,因此鬼神问题应当被置于祭祀的实践中,才能得到真正的阐明。 Zhu Xi’s discussion of ghosts and gods is not only focused on the perspective of yin and yang, but also on the perspectives of ritual activities and ceremonial practices, and in his view the latter is more important and fundamental. In Zhu Xi’s opinion of “ghosts and gods” and “worshiping ghosts and gods”, the sincere heart of ritual activities is the key to confirming the ghosts and gods as the real ones. Therefore, the problem of spirits and gods should be placed in the practice of ritual worship, In order to get the real elucidation.