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本文提出一种新的基于波动方程的叠前地震数据处理系统。该系统只有两个基本单元,即速度分析和深度偏移。不管高程或近地表的速度如何变化,它能实现真正的地表一致性静校正。它用层析成像法来估计浅层速度,用双程波动方程的有限差分解来进行成像时间的计算和偏移数据的外推。 由于高程和近地表速度的变化较大,野外采集到的数据有违于常规共中心点处理的假设条件。然而用本文提出的处理系统却获得了成功。最终得到的深度剖面揭示了复杂的逆掩褶皱构造,这在共中心点处理的剖面中是看不到的。
This paper presents a new prestack seismic data processing system based on wave equation. The system has only two basic units, namely speed analysis and depth migration. It achieves true static coherency of the surface irrespective of how the elevation or near-surface velocity changes. It uses tomography to estimate shallow velocities, and uses the finite difference solution of the two-way wave equation to calculate the imaging time and extrapolate the offset data. Due to the large changes in elevation and near-surface velocities, the data collected in the field are in violation of the assumption of conventional concentric central processing. However, the processing system proposed in this paper has achieved success. The resulting depth profile reveals a complex inverted fold folds structure that is not visible in the co-center processed profile.