目的:探讨手术后大肠癌患者外周血NKT细胞及NK细胞的变化及其影响因素。方法:采集32例大肠癌患者手术前后和13例健康对照外周静脉血,流式细胞术检测外周血NKT及NK细胞的变化,研究其与大肠癌患者临床病理特征的关系。结果:大肠癌患者NKT细胞较健康人升高(P<0.05),T细胞与健康人无差异,NK细胞较健康人减少(P<0.05)。健康人群中NKT细胞占外周血T淋巴细胞的6.6%,低于大肠癌患者的18.9%(P<0.05)。术后1周,大肠癌患者NKT细胞较术前明显升高、NK细胞明显降低(P<0.05)。年龄>60岁较年龄≤60的大肠癌患者的T细胞低(P<0.05);有淋巴结转移患者的T细胞有降低趋势,NK细胞有增高趋势;肿瘤浸润至浆膜和浆膜外大肠癌患者T细胞有降低趋势;Duke’s C、D期较Duke’s A、B期大肠癌患者T细胞低(P<0.05)。T、NKT及NK细胞三者间无相关关系。结论:手术后大肠癌患者NKT细胞介导的抗肿瘤免疫反应处于活化状态,NK细胞处于抑制状态。 Objective: To investigate the changes of NKT cells and NK cells in peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer and its influencing factors after operation. Methods: Peripheral venous blood was collected from 32 patients with colorectal cancer before and after operation and 13 healthy controls. The changes of NKT and NK cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. The relationship between them and the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer was studied. Results: NKT cells in patients with colorectal cancer were significantly higher than those in healthy people (P <0.05). There was no difference between T cells and healthy people (P <0.05). NKT cells in healthy population accounted for 6.6% of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood, which was lower than 18.9% in patients with colorectal cancer (P <0.05). One week after operation, the number of NKT cells in colorectal cancer patients was significantly higher than that in preoperative and NK cells were significantly decreased (P <0.05). T cells of patients with age> 60 years old were lower than those of patients with age ≤60 (P <0.05). T lymphocytes in patients with lymph node metastasis had a tendency to decrease and NK cells tended to increase. Tumor infiltration into serosa and extravasular colorectal cancer The number of T cells in patients with Duke’s C and D was lower than those in patients with Duke’s A and B colon cancer (P <0.05). T, NKT and NK cells have no correlation between the three. CONCLUSIONS: NKT cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses are activated in patients with colorectal cancer after surgery, and NK cells are in an inhibitory state.