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公平是人类追求的永恒目标,和谐社会的本质内涵是实现社会公平。目前,我国最大的不公平现象就是城乡居民收入分配差异过大。农民为支持改革发展所付出的代价与得到的经济回报不对等,农民生活水平与市民生活水平形成鲜明对照,这些严峻的问题都迫使我们必须对我国目前的经济政策中的公平正义问题进行反思。而罗尔斯的《正义论》是迄今为止西方思想界有关公平正义问题最具代表性和最系统的论述,其观点对正处于转型期的中国解决城乡差距问题,具有很重要的借鉴意义。
Fairness is the eternal goal pursued by mankind, and the essential connotation of a harmonious society is to realize social fairness. At present, the biggest unfairness in our country is the disparity in income distribution between urban and rural residents. The peasants’ unequal return on their support for the reform and development as well as the economic returns they receive will bring about a sharp contrast between the standard of living of peasants and the standard of living of the citizens. All these serious problems will compel us to reflect on the issue of fairness and justice in our current economic policies. And Rawls’s “theory of justice” is by far the most representative and systematic explanation of the issue of fairness and justice in the Western ideological field. His point of view is of great significance to China in its transition to solving the problem of urban-rural gap.