[目的]了解采收成熟度对烟叶品质的影响。[方法]以烤烟品种CB-1和F1-35为试材,研究4种采收成熟度对烤后烟叶外观质量、感官质量和化学成分的影响。[结果]随着采收成熟度的提高,烟叶外观质量和感官质量均呈先升后降的变化趋势,还原糖、钾含量呈现先升后降趋势,总氮含量呈现下降趋势,烟碱、氯含量呈上升趋势。综合考虑烟叶外观质量、感官质量和化学成分,CB-1和F1-35下部叶均以叶面黄绿色、主脉变白1/2以上采收为宜;CB-1中部叶以叶面浅黄色、主脉变白3/4以上采收为好,F1-35中部叶以叶面浅黄色、主脉变白2/3以上采收为好;CB-1和F1-35上部叶均以叶面浅黄色、主脉变白3/4以上为宜。[结论]不同品种、不同部位烤烟的适宜采收成熟度不同。 [Objective] To understand the effect of harvest maturity on the quality of tobacco. [Method] With flue-cured tobacco varieties CB-1 and F1-35 as test materials, the effects of four harvest maturity on appearance quality, sensory quality and chemical composition of cured tobacco were studied. [Result] The appearance quality and sensory quality of tobacco showed the trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of harvest maturity. The contents of reducing sugar and potassium increased first and then decreased and the total nitrogen content showed a downward trend. The contents of nicotine, Chlorine content is on the rise. Considering the appearance quality, sensory quality and chemical composition of tobacco leaves, the lower leaves of CB-1 and F1-35 were yellow-green and harvested more than 1/2 of the main vein, respectively. Yellow, the main vein white more than 3/4 harvested as well, F1-35 central leaves with light yellow leaves, the main vein white more than 2/3 harvested as good; CB-1 and F1-35 upper leaves are Leaves pale yellow, white blood more than 3/4 or more appropriate. [Conclusion] The suitable harvest maturity of flue-cured tobacco of different varieties and parts was different.