,Slice-wise reconstruction for low-dose cone-beam CT using a deep residual convolutional neural netw

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Because of the growing conce over the radia-tion dose delivered to patients, X-ray cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging of low dose is of great interest. It is dif-ficult for traditional reconstruction methods such as Feld-kamp to reduce noise and keep resolution at low doses. A typical method to solve this problem is using optimization-based methods with careful modeling of physics and additional constraints. However, it is computationally expensive and very time-consuming to reach an optimal solution. Recently, some pioneering work applying deep neural networks had some success in characterizing and removing artifacts from a low-dose data set. In this study, we incorporate imaging physics for a cone-beam CT into a residual convolutional neural network and propose a new end-to-end deep leaing-based method for slice-wise reconstruction. By transferring 3D projection to a 2D problem with a noise reduction property, we can not only obtain reconstructions of high image quality, but also lower the computational complexity. The proposed network is composed of three serially connected sub-networks: a cone-to-fan transformation sub-network, a 2D analytical inversion sub-network, and an image refinement sub-net-work. This provides a comprehensive solution for end-to-end reconstruction for CBCT. The advantages of our method are that the network can simplify a 3D recon-struction problem to a 2D slice-wise reconstruction prob-lem and can complete reconstruction in an end-to-end manner with the system matrix integrated into the network design. Furthermore, reconstruction can be less computa-tionally expensive and easily parallelizable compared with iterative reconstruction methods.
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