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作者对44例3个月至足月的胎儿尸体腹前壁的标本,用解剖显微镜进行了解剖观察,所得结果与 Rizk 报告的成人情况基本相似。腹前壁的腱膜都是双层结构,每个腹直肌鞘的前、后壁由三层腱膜组成,六层腱膜全部是斜行的,在正中线附近两侧腱膜相互交叉编织,形成下列的延续关系:两侧腹外斜肌的两层腱膜,两侧腹横肌的两层腱膜,一侧内斜肌的腱膜与对侧外斜肌腱膜(深层)和腹横肌腱膜(前层)。此外,脐以下的部分腹横肌腱膜纤维穿过同侧腹内斜肌腱膜与外斜肌腱膜纤维融合。脐环处还有少量纤维束附于脐索的深筋膜上。从本文观察表明,腹前壁扁肌腱膜的再分层及其规则排列,在胎时即形成,这对增加腹壁的弹性和韧性,并利于腹直肌在鞘内的收缩活动具有重要的功能意义。
Forty-four specimens from the anterior abdominal wall of a fetal corpse of 3 months to term were dissected using a dissecting microscope and the results were similar to those reported by Rizk. Anterior abdominal wall of the aponeurosis are two-tier structure, each rectus sheath of the anterior and posterior wall composed of three layers of aponeurosis, aponeurosis all six oblique line, near the midline both sides of the aponeurosis intersect Weave to form the following continuum: the two layers of the aponeurosis on both sides of the extra-abdominal oblique muscle, the two layers of aponeurosis on both lateral transversal muscles, the aponeurosis of the lateral oblique muscles on one side and the aponeurosis on the opposite lateral oblique (deep) and Abdominal transverse fascia (anterior). In addition, a portion of the transversus abdominis aponeurosis fibers below the umbilical cord fuse through the ipsilateral intra-abdominal oblique aponeurosis and external oblique aponeurotic fibers. A small amount of fiber bundles attached to the umbilical cord deep fascia at the umbilical cord. From this paper, observation shows that the rectocele and its regular arrangement of anterior abdominal flat muscle aponeurosis are formed at the time of birth, which has the important function of increasing the elasticity and the toughness of the abdominal wall and facilitating the contraction of the rectus abdominis in the sheath significance.