论文部分内容阅读
胚胎干细胞作为全能干细胞能分化成机体内的任何组织器官,理论上可作为最佳的种子细胞应用于再生医学,但胚胎干细胞的临床应用受道德伦理的争议以及法律的约束,且来源受限。目前临床应用的主要是成体干细胞,这类细胞包括造血干细胞、间充质干细胞、神经干细胞及肝干细胞等。体内和体外实验表明干细胞在一定的条件下可诱导分化成造血细胞、上皮细胞、内皮细胞及神经细胞等,因此成体干细胞可应用于多种临床疾病。本文主要综述成体干细胞在脊髓损伤、脑瘫、外伤性脑损伤、脑卒中、自体免疫性疾病和慢性肝病中的最新研究进展。
Embryonic stem cells, as pluripotent stem cells, can differentiate into any tissue or organ in the body and can theoretically be used as the best seed cells in regenerative medicine. However, the clinical application of embryonic stem cells is restricted by moral ethics and laws, and the origin is limited. Currently the main clinical application of adult stem cells, such cells include hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells and liver stem cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that under certain conditions, stem cells can differentiate into hematopoietic cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells and nerve cells. Therefore, adult stem cells can be applied to a variety of clinical diseases. This article reviews the recent advances in adult stem cells in spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, stroke, autoimmune diseases and chronic liver disease.