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在中文的语法教学中一般会对主谓宾定状补这些语法成分的划分进行讲授,而在绝大多数日语的语法教学中则不强调这些语法成分的划分,一般国内教材都主要强调主谓宾,定语比较简单也有所提及,但是状语和补语几乎不大提及。由于日语本身的特殊性,如何划分出补语和状语这确实是一个难点,有没有必要对两者进行区分,能不能严格区分开来,区分的难点在哪,本文将对此进行探讨。笔者通过详细了解当前所有涉及补语和状语的日本学者观点和国内日语学者研究及语法文献、语法教学教科书,试图分析补、状语划分难点,以找到一个统一的划分标准和全面且较为准确的定义,为国内日语语法教学中补语和状语这一难点打开一扇捷径之窗。
In grammar teaching in China, the division of these grammatical compositions is usually taught in the grammar teaching of Chinese, while in the vast majority of Japanese grammar teaching, the division of these grammatical compositions is not emphasized. In general, the domestic teaching materials mainly emphasize the subject-predicate Bin, attributive relatively simple also mentioned, but almost no mention of adverbials and complement. Due to the particularity of Japanese itself, it is indeed a difficult point to divide the complement and adverbial phrases. Is it necessary to distinguish the two? Is it possible to distinguish them strictly and to distinguish the difficulties? This article will discuss this. The author tries to find out a unified division standard and a comprehensive and more accurate definition by understanding all the current Japanese scholars’ opinions concerning the complement and adverbials, the domestic Japanese scholar’s research and grammar teaching textbooks, Open a shortcut to the difficulty of complement and adverbial in domestic Japanese grammar teaching.