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自从Pott报告清洗烟囱作业与阴囊癌的关系以来,积业肿癌和工业化学物质致癌作用的研究已有200多年的历史。在其漫长的发展过程中,化学致癌作用的研究经历了三个重要阶段(或称三个里程碑):(1)某些化合物或混合物对人类致癌性的早期流行病学观察:自18世纪60年代至19世纪末,人们主要通过流行病学研究发现并肯定了接触某些化学物质是人类肿瘤的病因之一,从而开拓了化学致癌作用研究的这一新领域。(2)动物实验研究阶段:1915年山极等人第一次在家兔耳朵上通过涂抹煤焦油诱发了局部皮肤的恶性肿瘤。这一突破为化学致癌作用的研究开辟了广阔的前景。它不仅可以用来预测某些化学物质对人类的致癌性,从而减少或避免人类接触的机会,同时也开辟了化学致癌作用的研究范围,解决了很多单
Since Pott’s report on the relationship between chimney cleaning and scrotal cancer, there have been more than 200 years of research on the carcinogenic effects of cancer and industrial chemicals. In its long course of development, studies of chemical carcinogenesis have gone through three important stages (or three milestones): (1) Early epidemiological observations of certain compounds or mixtures of carcinogenicity in humans: since the 18th century From the age to the end of the 19th century, people discovered and confirmed through epidemiological studies that exposure to certain chemicals is one of the causes of human cancer, thus opening up a new field of research on chemical carcinogenesis. (2) Animal experiment research stage: In 1915, Shanji et al. induced local malignant tumor of the skin by spreading coal tar on rabbit ears for the first time. This breakthrough has opened up broad prospects for the study of chemical carcinogenesis. It can not only be used to predict the carcinogenicity of certain chemicals to humans, thereby reducing or avoiding human exposure. It also opens up the scope of research on chemical carcinogenesis and solves many problems.