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全世界除永冻地区外,地表都遭到不同程度的侵蚀。土壤侵蚀在作为自然界存在的一种地质过程时,称之常态侵蚀。随着人为活动的介入,尤其是土地不合理的开垦和利用,加剧了这种土壤侵蚀,称之加速侵蚀。由于土壤侵蚀,致使地力减退,地面割裂破碎,水资源损耗,生态环境恶化,土壤遭受盐碱、水涝、风沙等的破坏,因而全世界的食品和畜产品产值每年减少160亿美元。土壤侵蚀使生产蒙受损失,并影响一个国家的发展和进步,对人类的生存也是莫大的潜在威胁。“珍惜每一寸土地”已成为全世界各国人民的共同呼声。
The surface of the world is eroded to varying degrees except for the permafrost regions. Soil erosion in the nature of a geological process, known as the normal erosion. With the intervention of human activities, especially the unreasonable reclamation and utilization of the land, aggravate this kind of soil erosion, which is called accelerated erosion. As a result of soil erosion, resulting in the decline of soil fertility, the fragmentation of the ground, the loss of water resources, the deterioration of the ecological environment and the destruction of soils by salinity, waterlogging and sandstorms, the output of food and livestock products worldwide has been reduced by about $ 16 billion annually. Soil erosion causes losses to production and affects the development and progress of a country. It is also a potential threat to human survival. “Treasure every inch of land” has become the common call of all the peoples of the world.