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现有的传统中药材鉴定方法有时很难可靠地用于药用植物八角莲的鉴定研究。本文在利用作者新建立的从干燥材料中分离高质量ＤＮＡ的技术和比较不同聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）模板浓度的基础上，利用随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）技术对五种药用八角莲的７个样品进行了分子鉴定。在筛选的４２个引物中，１２个引物产生的多态性条带，可靠地区分了这７个八角莲样品，包括３个不同地区的Ｄ．ｖｅｒｓｉｐｅｌｌｉｓ， １个 Ｄ． ｍａｊｏｒｅｎｓｅ， １个 Ｄ ｐｌｅｉａｎｔｈａ， １个 Ｄ．ｆｕｒｆｕｒａｃｅａ 和 １个 Ｄ， ｖｅｉｔｃｈｉｉ。每个样品都找到了１～３个稳定可靠的特异分子标记。此外，本文发现Ｄ、 ｆｕｒｆｕｒａｃｅａ与 Ｄ，ｖｅｒｓｉｐｅｌｌｉｓ的亲缘关系最远，与 Ｄｖｅｉｔｃｈｉｉ较近，而与Ｄ．ｍａｊｏｒｅｎｓｅ最近。Ｄ．ｖｅｉｔｃｈｉｉ与Ｄ．ｍａｊｏｒｅｎｓｅ的亲缘关系比与Ｄ，ｖｅｒｓｉｐｅｌｌｉｓ，Ｄ．ｆｕｒｆｕｒａｃｅａ和Ｄ．ｐｌｅｉａｎｔｈａ更近。结果表明ＲＡＰＤ技术能够有效地用于这７个药用八角莲样品的分子鉴定。
The existing traditional Chinese medicinal material identification methods are sometimes difficult to reliably use for the identification and research of the medicinal plant Octopus. In this paper, based on the author’s newly established technique for separating high-quality DNA from dried materials and comparing the concentrations of different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) templates, a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used for five medicinal purposes. Seven samples of octagonal lotus were molecularly identified. Of the 42 primers screened, 12 polymorphic bands generated by the primers reliably distinguished the seven octagonal samples, including three different regions. Versipellis, 1 D. Majorense, 1 D pleiantha, 1 D. Furfuracea and 1 D, veitchii. Each sample has found 1 to 3 stable and reliable specific molecular markers. In addition, this study found that D, furfuracea and D, versipellis are the most distantly related, closely related to Dveitchii, and D. Majorense recently. D. Veitchii and D. Majority phylogenetic relationship with D, Verspiellis, D. Furfuracea and D. Pleiantha is closer. The results showed that the RAPD technology can be effectively used for the molecular identification of these 7 Medicinal Octopus samples.