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毛竹是我国最为重要的经济竹种,对区域农村社会经济发展和生态环境保护具有重要作用。为了解沼液施肥对雷竹新竹生长和土壤化学性质的影响,测定了全年一次性沼液施肥处理的试验毛竹林新竹质量、叶片SPAD值、鞭根根系活力和土壤基本化学性状指标。结果表明:沼液施肥毛竹林立竹密度变化影响不明显,而新竹数量、胸径、全高、枝下高、胸高壁厚及叶片SPAD值、鞭根根系活力与对照(CK)相比均显著提高;处理Ⅱ和处理Ⅲ,新竹胸径、全高、叶片SPAD值和鞭根根系活力差异不显著,且显著高于处理Ⅰ。沼液施肥显著提高了毛竹林土壤pH值、有机质质量分数和土壤主要养分质量分数;处理Ⅱ和处理Ⅲ,毛竹林土壤的pH值和全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾质量分数差异不显著,均显著高于处理Ⅰ。因此,沼液施肥可明显提高毛竹林新竹质量,改善毛竹林土壤基本化学性状,试验毛竹林适宜的沼液施肥量为45 t·hm~(-2)。
Bamboo is the most important economic bamboo species in our country and plays an important role in the social and economic development and ecological environment protection in rural areas. In order to understand the effect of biogas slurry fertilization on the growth and soil chemical properties of Phyllostachys praecox, the quality of fresh bamboo in Phyllostachys pubescens plantation, SPAD value, root activity of rhizome and the basic chemical properties of soil were measured. The results showed that there was no obvious effect on the density of bamboo in the fertilization of Phyllostachys pubescens. However, the number of bamboo, the DBH, the total height, the branch height, the thoracic wall thickness, the leaf SPAD value and the root activity of the rhizome were significantly increased compared with CK. No significant difference was observed in the DBH, total height, leaf SPAD and rhizome activity between treatments Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Fertilization of biogas slurry significantly increased soil pH value, organic matter mass fraction and main soil nutrient content in Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens forest. The difference of soil pH value and total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium in treatment Ⅱ and treatment Ⅲ was not significant Significantly higher than treatment Ⅰ. Therefore, biogas slurry fertilization can significantly improve the quality of bamboo to improve the basic chemical properties of the soil. The suitable amount of biogas fertilizer applied to the bamboo forest is 45 t · hm -2.