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通过对近年来铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝微观组织发展情况的研究,总结了焊核区的晶粒结构特征、再结晶机制、沉淀相的溶解和粗化等。一方面,得到热机影响区的晶粒尺寸和形态、沉淀相分布等;另一方面,详细介绍了热影响区的微观结构特征,得出热影响区沉淀相发生严重粗化,导致其机械性能下降,形成微观硬度软化区。通过深入了解热影响区的微观组织,可解释力学性能薄弱区的原因,从而采取措施改善其力学性能,促进搅拌摩擦焊的应用。
Through the research on microstructure development of friction stir welding of aluminum alloy in recent years, the grain structure, recrystallization mechanism, dissolution and coarsening of precipitated phase and so on are summarized. On the one hand, the grain size and morphology of the heat-affected zone and the distribution of the precipitated phase are obtained. On the other hand, the microstructural characteristics of the HAZ are introduced in detail, and the precipitated phase in the HAZ is seriously roughened, resulting in its mechanical properties Decline, the formation of micro-hardness softening zone. Through in-depth understanding of the microstructure of the HAZ, the reason for the weak area of mechanical properties can be explained, so that measures can be taken to improve its mechanical properties and promote the application of FSW.