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以杉木人工林的幼龄林、中龄林、近成熟林和成熟林为研究对象,对其的0~60 cm的土壤主要理化性质、土壤酶及微生物含量进行了测定,对所得结果进行了相关性分析,并采用主成分分析法评价了不同林龄的土壤健康状况。结果表明:土壤养分、酶及微生物表层含量最高,随着土层的加深都出现了不断下降;随着杉木林龄的增大,土壤pH值、有机质含量、有效磷含量、有效钾含量和细菌数量值大致呈现下降趋势,但有机质和细菌数在成熟林时又有所升高,土壤酶和放线菌出现“低-高-低”的趋势;土壤各因子之间关系密切,土壤有机质、有效钾、有效磷与土壤各种酶、细菌及放线菌呈极显著或显著相关,土壤各种酶之间存在极显著相关,并且与土壤放线菌呈现极显著相关,与土壤细菌呈极显著或显著相关;杉木人工林土壤健康水平表现为中龄林>近成熟林>幼龄林>成熟林。
The main physical and chemical properties, soil enzymes and microbial contents of 0 ~ 60 cm soil were studied in young, middle-aged, mature and mature forests of Chinese fir plantation, and the results were analyzed Correlation analysis, and using principal component analysis to evaluate the soil health status of different ages. The results showed that soil nutrient, enzyme and microorganism had the highest content of soil surface layer, and decreased with the deepening of soil layer. With the increasing age of Chinese fir, soil pH value, organic matter content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content and bacteria However, the number of organic matter and bacteria increased again in mature forest, and the tendency of soil enzyme and actinomycetes was “low-high-low”. The relationship between soil factors was very close. Soil Soil organic matter, available potassium, available phosphorus and soil enzymes, bacteria and actinomycetes were significantly or significantly related to the existence of various soil enzymes were significantly correlated, and showed extremely significant correlation with soil actinomycetes, and soil bacteria The soil health of Chinese fir plantation showed middle aged forest> near mature forest> young forest> mature forest.