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目的调查成都地区高血压前期患病率及危险因素。方法 2008年我们在成都地区采用分层整群抽样的方法,以社区(村)为单位,共抽取城乡地区40～59岁以上有代表性人口2940人,进行高血压前期及相关因素的调查。结果成都地区中年人群高血压前期患病率41.5%,标准化率为33.7%。40～54岁高血压前期患病率随年龄增大而逐渐增高,55岁开始高血压前期患病率略有降低。男性患病率为47.4%,女性患病率为38.3%,男性患病率高于女性。城市患病率为41.5%,农村患病率为41.3%,城、乡患病率无明显差异。多因素回归分析表明,性别、文化程度、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖、高胆固醇血症、睡眠时间不足、口味偏咸、体育锻炼频率与高血压前期有关。结论成都地区高血压前期患病率较高,男性、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖、高胆固醇血症、睡眠时间不足、口味偏咸是高血压前期的主要危险因素,体育锻炼频率及文化程度较高为该人群发生高血压前期的保护因素。在有相关因素的人群中应加强血压监测,及时对高血压前期人群进行干预。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of prehypertension and risk factors in Chengdu area. Methods In 2008, we used stratified cluster sampling method in Chengdu. Taking community (village) as a unit, we collected 2,940 representative population aged 40 ~ 59 in urban and rural areas, and investigated the prehypertension and related factors. Results The prevalence of prehypertension in middle-aged people in Chengdu was 41.5% with a standardized rate of 33.7%. Prevalence of 40 ~ 54-year-old prehypertensive increased gradually with age, 55-year-old pre-hypertension prevalence decreased slightly. The prevalence of males was 47.4%, the prevalence of females was 38.3%, and the prevalence of males was higher than that of females. The prevalence was 41.5% in urban areas and 41.3% in rural areas, with no significant difference between urban and rural areas. Multivariate regression analysis showed that gender, educational level, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolemia, lack of sleep time, taste salty, physical activity frequency and prehypertension. Conclusions The prevalence of prehypertension in Chengdu is higher than that in males, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolemia, lack of sleep time and salty tastes, which are the main risk factors of prehypertension. The frequency and educational level of physical exercise High for the crowd occurred prehypertensive protection factor. In the relevant factors in the population should strengthen blood pressure monitoring, prehypertensive population in a timely manner to intervene.